Introduction: A few studies have specifically worked on risk factors of knee injuries among soccer referees.The aim of the current study was to investigate the knee injury risk factors and its prevalence and mechanism among the Premier League soccer referees in Iran.
Methodology: This was a cross sectional study. The sample of study was composed of 59 Premier League soccer referees in Iran (age 36.30±4.1 years, height 179±5.8 cm and weight 74.55±6.3 kg). The following questionnaires were used to collect the needed information: Personal and Sport information, Knee injury history and Knee outcome survey.Using the Pearson correlation coefficient, this study examined the relationships between different variables including KOS subscales as well as the current level of self-reported knee joint function and proprioception. Also, regression analysis was used to predict the frequency and severity of injuries.
Results: The results indicated that 81% of soccer referees experienced knee injury. Meniscus injury made up the highest percentage of knee injuries (40%). In addition, knee injuries of non-dominant leg were more prevalent than those of dominant leg. Also, the referees were mostly injured during training sessions. The value of KOS was 85±13 for activities of daily living subscale and 90±9 for sports-recreational subscale. Regression results showed that age, type of warm-up and time of injury can predict injury severity and frequency.
Discussion: Use of special training such as strength training (e.g. Nordic hamstring) with flexibility training in warm-up programs can prevent injuries. Also, emphasis on interval training over endurance training can reduce injuries as latter may cause overuse injuries. The results help to design and set-up an injury prevention program for the Referees Committee of Iran Football Federation.