Introduction: Mental retardation is a developmental perceptual-motor abnormalities and, in particular, refers to people who have defects in the mechanisms of cognitive and sensory motor skills. These children may have difficulties in cognitive and psycho-motor development in perceptual-motor abilities that would require integration of environmental information and the decision to carry out a special operation, are weak. Regarding the effect of environmental factors on various aspects of cognitive and motor, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Montessori train on sensory-motor functions of educable mentally retarded children.
Methodology: In this semi-experimental research we simply chose 20 old women in Mariwan and then we divided the samples according to pretest into control and experimental group purposefully. To asses dynamic balance we used star ambulation test and the experimental group worked on disturbing practices with cognitive assignments (tasks) for 16 sessions and each session was about 30 minutes, and afterwards post test was done and the data were analyzed and for analysis of data we used dependent T and independent T tests.
Results: there were different and significant results between control and experimental groups in a way that the experimental group had a significant development after post test (P =0/003).
Discussion: Regarding to children with mental retardation with various limitations in social, cognitive, perceptual and motor development which are facing with, according to pay attention to the needs of the children and also to provide a suitable environment to create opportunities for experience and training can have a positive effect on the growth of these children. In fact, adequate facilities, equipment, time and encouragement are crucial for the development of motor skills especially in children with special needs.